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  • Roman And Persian Empire Era Deportations - Approximately 70,000 on Random Biggest Mass Deportations and What the Consequences Were

    (#10) Roman And Persian Empire Era Deportations - Approximately 70,000

    The Battle of Edessa, fought in the ancient Macedonian city of Edessa, which sits along the contemporary border of Turkey and Syria, was one of the most crushing defeats in Roman military history. It was the first time a Roman Emperor was captured in battle. Around 290 CE, the Romans, led by Emperor Valerian, aimed to crush the Sassanid Empire, led by Shapur I, and send its forces back to Asia minor.

    The Sassanid Empire was the second dynasty to rule Persia (modern day Iran). Shapur described how Valerian marched against him with an army of 70,000 men. Shupur’s inscription on the Ka'ba-ye Zartosht at the Naqsh-e Rustam necroplis in Iran reads:

    “We fought a great battle with Valerian, and we captured the emperor Valerian with our own hands and the others, the praetorian prefect and senators and officials, all those who were the leaders of that force, and we made all of them prisoners and deported them to Persis."

    That is a ma, if Shapur’s accounts are to be believed. They were sent to Persis and other areas in modern-day Iran, hundreds, if not more than 1,000, miles away. These deportations lead to Roman soldiers founding Persian cities and the spread of Christianity throughout the Sasanian empire.

  • Spanish Expulsion Of The Jews - About 200,000 on Random Biggest Mass Deportations and What the Consequences Were

    (#7) Spanish Expulsion Of The Jews - About 200,000

    The year 1492 was infamously portentous for the indigenous people of the western hemisphere, though also a very bad one for Jewish residents of Spain. As Christoper Columbus wrote in his diary:

    “In the same month in which their Majesties [Ferdinand and Isabella] issued the edict that all Jews should be driven out of the kingdom and its territories, in the same month they gave me the order to undertake with sufficient men my expedition of discovery to the Indies.”

    Spanish Jews either had to convert to Catholicism or leave the country under Isabella’s Alhambra Decree. Some 200,000 Jews are thought to have been forced out of Spain, many of whom ended up in North Africa, Turkey, Italy and the Netherlands.

    As of 2014, Spain offers reparations to the descendants of Jews expelled from country: anyone who can trace ancestry to Sephardic Jews is granted Spanish citizenship. 

  • Babylonian Exile - About 40,000 on Random Biggest Mass Deportations and What the Consequences Were

    (#11) Babylonian Exile - About 40,000

    Jews have a long history of being exiled, expelled, and deported. The Jewish Diaspora is thought to have begun in 597 BCE, when King Nebuchadnezzar of the Chaldeans conquered Jerusalem. Following Nebuchadnezzar's arrival, there were three massive deportations of inhabitants of the Kingdom of Judah to Babylon. The total numbers of those deported are contested by historians, but it’s thought to be in the tens of thousands.

    Deportations began with Judah’s most prominent citizens, including King Jeconiah, to Babylon. In 538 BCE, Persian King Cyrus the Great conquered Babylon and allowed the Jewish deportees to return to Judah. He also reconstructed the Temple of Solomon that was destroyed by Nebuchadnezzar. Some 40,000 Judeans were said to have returned, as noted in the Book of Ezra. But not all Judeans returned, marking the beginning of their Diaspora.  

  • Operation Wetback - 1.1 Million on Random Biggest Mass Deportations and What the Consequences Were

    (#5) Operation Wetback - 1.1 Million

    In 1954, barely 20 years after the Mexican Repatriation, President Eisenhower oversaw the deportation of an estimated 1.1 million undocumented Mexican immigrants. Trump referred to Eisenhower’s “Operation Wetback” as a success during his campaign.

    "The Eisenhower mass deportation policy was tragic," said Alfonso Aguilar, of the American Principles Project’s Latino Partnership.

    "Human rights were violated. People were removed to distant locations without food and water. There were many deaths, unnecessary deaths. Sometimes even US citizens of Hispanic origin, of Mexican origin were removed. It was a travesty. It was terrible. Immigrants were humiliated. So, to say it's a success story is ridiculous. It shows that Mr. Trump doesn't know what he's talking about."

  • King Edward I Expelled 2,000 Jews From England on Random Biggest Mass Deportations and What the Consequences Were

    (#13) King Edward I Expelled 2,000 Jews From England

    In 1290, King Edward I of England passed a decree banishing Jews from England for more than 350 years. The Edict of Expulsion resulted in the deportation of around 2,000 Jews. This measure was met with little resistance by the public, as it was partly the result of rising anti-Semitism across England. It was also due to King Edward’s critical financial situation. He got himself into major debt and imposed a hefty tax on the people of England. He figured more people would be accepting of the tax if he promised to expel the Jews.

  • Expulsion of the Acadians - About 11,500 on Random Biggest Mass Deportations and What the Consequences Were

    (#12) Expulsion of the Acadians - About 11,500

    During the French and Indian War, the British deported some 11,500 Acadians from modern day Canada’s maritime provinces: Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and New Brunswick. The Acadians were the descendants of French Colonists who settled in those parts of Canada. Even when their land was taken by the British after 1713, the Acadians were granted relative autonomy. But Britain grew suspicious of rebellion after the Acadians refused to sign an oath of allegiance to the crown.

    In what became known as the Great Upheaval or Great Expulsion, under orders from governor Charles Lawrence, British soldiers pillaged Arcadian land, burning farms and crops. Thousands were shipped off to various English colonies throughout modern-day America, while others landed in France and the Caribbean. Thousands died on the voyage, in overcrowded, disease-ridden ships.

    Acadians were not sent to Louisiana, though many were attracted to the place because of their familiarity with the language. Those who ended up there helped develop Cajun culture. They were allowed to return to Acadia in 1764.

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About This Tool

In the past few decades, the United States has expelled a large number of illegal immigrants at an alarming rate. During the peak period, more than 400,000 people were deported, most of whom were Mexicans. This is not the first deportation in human history, and it will definitely not be the last. In every historical period, there have been aggressions to expand the territory. The rulers will carry out genocide and mass expulsion operations, which will bring catastrophic destruction to the culture and life of countless indigenous people.

The random tool tells stories of the 13 biggest mass deportations in human history, the most infamous should be the Mexican Repatriation in the 1930s, more than 2 million people were forced to leave.

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