(#5) Windsor Castle
- Gothic architecture
Windsor Castle in England, described by the UK's Royal Collection trust as the "oldest and largest inhabited castle in the world," has been home to 39 royal folks, including Queen Elizabeth II, who still spends most of her weekends there. William the Conqueror built the fortress in the 11th century. The palace was rebuilt many times to accommodate the whims and design tastes of various monarchs, but the complex survived WWII and other potentially damaging military conflicts. The earlier version of the grounds in the drawing here is from around the 17th century.
In 1992 a fire broke out in the private chapel that wiped out 115 rooms. Restoration took five years, with some rooms getting a makeover using such modern materials as sustainable wood.
(#4) Notre Dame de Paris
- French Gothic architecture
The original Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris took more than 180 years to build starting in 1163. The famed Gothic church has survived mostly intact despite suffering from neglect, questionable restoration (including replacement of stained-glass windows with more trendy clear glass in the 1770s), looting, bombings, and arson attempts over the years. In 2019, however, a fire that broke out in the attic (caused by a cigarette or faulty electrical wiring) toppled Notre Dame's spire and part of its wooden roof, which were under restoration at the time and already surrounded by scaffolding.
Now even more scaffolding surrounds the cathedral as rebuilding and restoration of the roof and stained-glass windows continues. Officials hope the repairs will be done by 2024 in time for the Olympics in Paris.
(#13) World Trade Center
- Building complex
New York City lost part of its population, soul, and skyline on September 11, 2001, when the twin towers, the two tallest buildings at the World Trade Center, were brought down in a terrorist attack that took the lives of nearly 3,000 people. Designed by architect Minoru Yamasaki and built starting in 1966, the dual structures were 110 stories tall.
After the towers fell and workers cleared the detritus, the place where the buildings stood was turned into a memorial with two reflecting pools. A new single tower, symbolically 1,776 feet tall, replaced the previous two. One World Trade Center opened in 2014.
(#8) Royal Exchange, London
- Building
Merchant Sir Thomas Gresham created London's Royal Exchange in 1566 as a stock trading center. It burned down in 1666 during the Great Fire of London, was rebuilt, then burned down again in 1838. (The earlier image shown here was painted in 1810.)
The third version of The Royal Exchange opened in 1844, similar in design to the original building but with an eight-column entrance added. The building sustained damage, and traders stopped trading, during WWII, but they returned for a brief period in the 1980s. After an extensive renovation, including the addition of two floors, the building reopened in 2001 as a shopping and dining center.
(#11) White House
- Neoclassical architecture
Built in the 1790s and first occupied by John Adams and his wife Abigail, the country's presidential abode was known as the "President's House" or "Executive Mansion" before Teddy Roosevelt officially dubbed it the "White House" (to distinguish it from governors' executive mansions) in 1901. After the British set the building on fire in 1814 during the War of 1812, the scorched structure (represented in the painting here by George Munger) was rebuilt.
Over the years, it's been renovated and expanded several times, most notably during the administrations of Teddy Roosevelt and Harry Truman. During Roosevelt's tenure, the West Wing was added. During Truman's presidency, the interior was gutted and completely redone. The White House now has 132 rooms; the only part of the original structure still standing is the exterior stone walls.
(#10) United States Capitol
Construction on the U.S. Capitol began in 1793, with President George Washington laying the cornerstone. The design featured a central dome area flanked on the north and south by separate rectangular chambers for the Senate and House of Representatives. The building was occupied but unfinished when the British set fire to it in 1814 during the War of 1812. George Munger's drawing shows the damaged structure, with most of the exterior singed but still standing, although the domed rotunda did not fare so well. After the fire the Capitol was rebuilt.
Over the years, the building - with portions burned again during fires in 1851 and 1898 - has been renovated, expanded, modernized, and fireproofed.
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As a great historical witness, historical buildings are receiving more and more attention and protection from various countries. But in the past, some old buildings were unfortunately destroyed for various reasons and later rebuilt. For example, the Dresden Frauenkirche was bombed during the Second World War. The reconstruction work began until Germany was reunified, and it eventually became a symbol of hope after the war. The church was rebuilt in 2005.
There are many rebuilt historical buildings worth visiting around the world, and governments have made great efforts to protect the various historical relics in the buildings. The generator simply introduced 13 famous buildings that were rebuilt.
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